What timeframe should I think about when answering?
Answer based on how you feel like when you read the question. Usually your intuitive feeling reflects your experiences in the recent history. Except if you're so hungry that it clouds your judgement - then you should reflect a bit more carefully :)
The pulse questions repeat at a frequency between once a week to once every three months, depending on how your admin user has set up the pulse. If you want to play it safe, you can think back the full three months, but the way human brain works makes your evaluation biased towards the more recent events anyway. Thus, our simple recommendation is to not overthink it, and just answer honestly based on how you've been feeling about the topic recently.
Is the question asking about my team or the whole company?
Both, and neither. The Pulse questions are designed so that you can answer based on your personal experience overall, and don't need to make difference between company, team, your manager, colleagues etc.
You can add anonymous comments to specify your feedback for the company, team, manager etc.
When you (and others) answer based on their overall personal experience, pulse results will reveal whether there are improvement or strength areas in the team, company or some parts of it.
The example below illustrates how this works:
If many people across the company feel the same way, the whole company score will reflect it.
If many people in your team feel the same way, but sentiment is not shared across company, it will reflect in your team's score but not in the whole company's score.
Benchmark values help you understand how the team or company is doing compared to employees in other companies.